重拳整治“高利贷”“砍头息”，银行不得随意抽贷断贷！

Core Viewpoint - The Supreme People's Court has issued guidelines to support the development of the private economy in China, focusing on legal measures to address financing challenges faced by private enterprises [1] Group 1: Financial Institution Regulations - The guidelines require financial institutions to not unilaterally change loan conditions, stop lending, or recall loans, thereby protecting the rights of private economic entities [2] - These measures are seen as a way to create a fairer and more predictable financing environment, ensuring the continuity of private enterprises' operations and stabilizing their confidence [2][3] - Financial institutions must clearly define the conditions under which loan terms can be changed, ensuring transparency and preventing arbitrary actions [3] Group 2: Regulation of Informal Lending - The guidelines aim to regulate illegal lending practices such as "usury" and "head-cutting interest," which have harmed private enterprises and created significant financing challenges [4][5] - The regulation of informal lending is crucial for maintaining market order and improving the business environment, as many private enterprises have been adversely affected by chaotic lending practices [4][5] Group 3: Expanding Financing Channels - The guidelines support the use of non-typical guarantees in financing, which is essential for small and medium-sized enterprises that often lack acceptable collateral [6] - Recognizing the legal validity of non-typical guarantees is seen as a key innovation to unlock financing for private enterprises, enhancing their chances of securing loans [6] - This shift in financing logic from "collateral-based" to "value chain-based" is expected to activate dormant assets and create a more dynamic financial environment for the private economy [6]