临沂市肿瘤医院核医学科新增重要检测项目

Core Viewpoint - Linyi Cancer Hospital's Nuclear Medicine Department has launched new detection projects to enhance the level of tumor marker testing, providing stronger support for clinical diagnosis and treatment [1] Group 1: Cancer Statistics and Trends - Digestive tract cancers, including esophageal, gastric, and colorectal cancers, are among the most common types of malignancies in China, with three out of the top five cancers being digestive tract tumors [1] - The incidence of colorectal cancer is notably rising and becoming more prevalent among younger populations [1] Group 2: CA242 as a Tumor Marker - CA242 is a novel tumor marker derived from colorectal cancer cells, offering more specificity compared to other markers like CA19-9, CA50, and CA125, thus aiding in the early detection and prevention of digestive tract tumors [1][2] - In healthy individuals, CA242 is found in small amounts in certain cells, but its levels significantly increase in malignant tumors, particularly in pancreatic and colorectal cancers, earning it the title of "third-generation tumor marker" for these cancers [2] Group 3: High-Risk Groups for CA242 Testing - Individuals over 40 years old, those with a family history of colorectal cancer, and those with a history of other malignancies or chronic gastrointestinal issues are recommended for regular CA242 testing [4] - High-risk groups for gastric and esophageal cancers include individuals over 40, those living in high-incidence areas, and those with a family history of these cancers or pre-cancerous conditions [5] - For liver cancer, individuals with hepatitis B or C, liver cirrhosis, or a family history of liver cancer are considered high-risk [6] Group 4: PIVKA-II in Liver Cancer Screening - PIVKA-II shows superior sensitivity and specificity for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) screening compared to traditional markers like AFP, especially in AFP-negative patients [8] - The combination of PIVKA-II with AFP and ultrasound can enhance early detection rates of liver cancer, particularly in high-risk populations [9] Group 5: Clinical Implications - The introduction of advanced detection technologies and projects in the Nuclear Medicine Department aims to provide more accurate and comprehensive diagnostic information for early disease detection, condition assessment, and personalized treatment [9]