职工社保参保下沉需要新体制

Core Viewpoint - The recent interpretation by the Supreme People's Court regarding labor disputes clarifies that agreements to not pay social insurance are invalid, supporting workers' claims for economic compensation, but it is not a new regulation [1][2] Group 1: Social Insurance Coverage - The coverage of urban employee social insurance has rapidly expanded since 2005, with the participation rate increasing from 46% in 2005 to 82% in 2024, corresponding to 387 million insured urban employees [1] - Despite high participation rates, there is a significant gap between insured individuals and those actually paying contributions, with the compliance rate for employee pension insurance dropping from 89.98% in 2006 to 80.25% in 2015 [2] Group 2: Challenges in Payment Compliance - The low income levels of workers in rural areas and among low-income groups lead to a higher burden of social insurance contributions, discouraging both employers and employees from participating [3] - The minimum contribution base for social insurance often exceeds the local minimum wage by more than double, affecting 25% of workers earning at minimum wage [3] Group 3: Need for a New System - To continue expanding social insurance coverage, a new system is required that lowers the minimum contribution base and rates, ideally to the level of the minimum wage, and reduces the total pension rate to at least 15% [5] - A layered social insurance system is necessary to balance the compliance requirements for formal and informal employment, as the current model may lead to increased pressure on small and medium enterprises [4][5]