跨国车企利润为何集体大跌

Core Viewpoint - Major multinational automotive companies have reported significant declines in net profits for the first half of the year, primarily due to increased tariffs and challenges in transitioning to electric vehicles [1][2][3] Group 1: Financial Performance - Volkswagen Group reported a revenue of €158.36 billion, a slight decrease of 0.3% year-on-year, with a net profit of €4.477 billion, down 38.36% [1] - Mercedes-Benz's net profit fell by 55.8% to €2.688 billion, Audi's net profit decreased by 37.5% to €1.346 billion, and BMW's net profit dropped by 29% to €4.015 billion [1] - Ford's net profit plummeted over 85% from $3.17 billion to $440 million, with second-quarter tariff-related losses reaching $800 million [2] - General Motors experienced a 21% decline in net profit to $4.68 billion, with second-quarter tariff losses of $1.1 billion [2] Group 2: Impact of Tariffs - Tariffs have been identified as a major factor impacting profits, with the U.S. government set to increase auto import tariffs to 25% by April 2025, significantly burdening multinational companies [1] - Audi reported losses exceeding €600 million due to U.S. tariffs on EU imports, while Honda noted a 50.2% decline in net profit to ¥196.6 billion in the second quarter [1] Group 3: Operational Challenges - Companies like Stellantis and Nissan were already facing operational difficulties before the tariffs, with Stellantis reporting a net loss of €2.256 billion compared to a profit of €5.647 billion the previous year [2] - Nissan's net loss for the second quarter was ¥115.8 billion, following a previous year's loss of ¥670.9 billion, prompting significant restructuring measures [2] Group 4: Transition to Electric Vehicles - The shift from internal combustion engines to electric vehicles is causing significant pressure on multinational companies, particularly in the competitive Chinese market [3] - The decline in fuel vehicle sales in China is impacting overall profitability, while electric vehicle sales are not yet at a scale to offset these losses [3] - Companies must balance maintaining fuel vehicle sales in markets outside China while investing in electric vehicle development to remain competitive [3]