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警惕!CT报告出现这些字眼,可能与肺癌有关
Zhong Guo Xin Wen Wang·2025-08-16 02:12

Core Viewpoint - The increasing detection of lung nodules during health check-ups is attributed to advancements in imaging technology, particularly the widespread use of low-dose spiral CT scans, rather than a sudden rise in their occurrence [1]. Group 1: Understanding Lung Nodules - Lung nodules are defined as small round spots in the lung tissue, typically less than 3 cm in diameter, with larger nodules classified as lung masses [3]. - Lung nodules can be categorized based on their internal density as pure ground-glass nodules, part-solid nodules, and solid nodules [3]. Group 2: Assessment Criteria for Lung Nodules - Nodules measuring ≤6 mm should be observed without immediate intervention [5]. - Nodules between 6-8 mm require close monitoring to rule out early lung cancer [6]. - Nodules ≥8 mm are considered a warning threshold, necessitating immediate medical attention if there is any increase in size, density, or irregular shape [6]. - Nodules ≥1 cm with high-risk factors may warrant surgical consideration [7]. Group 3: Characteristics of Nodules - Nodules with smooth edges and small size are likely benign, referred to as "high-quality" nodules [8]. - Nodules exhibiting features such as spiculation, pleural retraction, or vascular encasement are considered "low-quality" and may indicate malignancy [9]. Group 4: Ground-Glass Nodules - Not all ground-glass nodules are cancerous; they can also result from various conditions like inflammation or fibrosis [10]. - Early-stage lung cancer often presents as pure ground-glass nodules, with a high 5-year survival rate if treated [10]. - Nodules with solid components have an increased risk of malignancy but can still be treated effectively if addressed promptly [11]. Group 5: Risk Factors and Recommendations - The main risk factors for lung cancer include tobacco exposure, air pollution, occupational hazards, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and family history [13]. - High-risk individuals aged ≥50 should undergo annual low-dose spiral CT scans, especially if they have significant smoking history or exposure [13]. - Preventive measures include quitting smoking, minimizing exposure to secondhand smoke, and maintaining a healthy lifestyle [13][17].