国家发展改革委：“双碳”顶层设计不断完善

Core Viewpoint - China has made significant progress in promoting green transformation and achieving carbon peak and carbon neutrality goals, with a comprehensive policy framework and substantial achievements in various sectors over the past five years [1][2]. Policy Framework - China has established a systematic and comprehensive carbon reduction policy framework, integrating carbon peak and carbon neutrality into ecological civilization and socio-economic development [2]. - National and departmental level documents have been issued, including the "Opinions on Doing a Good Job in 'Dual Carbon' Work" and the "2030 Carbon Peak Action Plan," along with 12 sector-specific implementation plans and over 30 supporting measures [2]. Industrial Transformation - The country is actively optimizing its industrial structure, fostering new economic drivers, and enhancing green production capabilities, resulting in the establishment of 66 national strategic emerging industry clusters and over 6,400 national green factories [2]. - By 2024, China's energy consumption per unit of GDP is expected to decrease by 11.6% compared to 2020, equivalent to a reduction of 1.1 billion tons of CO2 emissions [2]. Energy Transition - China is advancing its energy structure transformation, with coal consumption decreasing from 56.8% in 2020 to 53.2% in 2024, while non-fossil energy consumption is projected to rise from 15.9% to 19.8% [3]. - As of June 2023, China's renewable energy installed capacity reached 2.159 billion kilowatts, accounting for approximately 59.2% of the total installed capacity [3]. Transportation Sector - The development of a green and low-carbon transportation system is accelerating, with annual production and sales of new energy vehicles exceeding 12 million units, maintaining the global leading position for ten consecutive years [3]. - By June 2023, the total number of electric vehicle charging facilities in China reached 16.1 million, with coverage rates of 97.08% in counties and 80.02% in towns [3]. Urban and Rural Development - The green transformation of urban and rural construction is being promoted, with over 97% of new urban buildings being green buildings by 2024, and energy consumption in public institutions decreasing by 4% since 2020 [4]. - The area of clean heating in northern regions has increased by nearly 50% since 2020, reaching 20.9 billion square meters [4]. Ecological Contributions - China has enhanced its ecological carbon sequestration capabilities, with forest coverage exceeding 25% and a carbon sink capacity of over 1.2 billion tons of CO2 equivalent annually, ranking first globally [4]. Societal Engagement - A green and low-carbon lifestyle is becoming prevalent, with initiatives such as the "Clean Plate Campaign" and increased participation in recycling and shared economy practices [5]. - China is actively contributing to global climate governance, reducing costs for wind and solar energy by over 60% and 80% respectively over the past decade, and providing financial support for climate change initiatives in developing countries [5][6].