电力“软联通”解决了哪些关键问题？

Core Viewpoint - The establishment of the "1+6" foundational rule system for the electricity market in China is crucial for achieving the dual carbon goals and constructing a new power system, facilitating both "hard connectivity" and "soft connectivity" across provinces [1][4]. Group 1: Market Structure and Development - The "1+6" foundational rule system will extend the electricity market in both time and space dimensions, promoting long-term contracts and shorter trading intervals to stabilize supply and demand while accommodating the volatility of renewable energy [2][3]. - The system aims to create a unified national electricity market by enhancing interconnections and facilitating transactions across different grid operating areas, thus optimizing resource allocation [3][4]. Group 2: Addressing Market Challenges - The foundational rule system addresses the discrepancies in market models, trading sequences, and organizational structures that have emerged from local explorations, ensuring a cohesive framework for market operations [5][6]. - It resolves core contradictions in the market by clarifying the roles and responsibilities of inter-provincial and intra-provincial markets, thereby laying a solid foundation for a unified national market [6]. Group 3: Participation and Accessibility - The rule system standardizes the registration, measurement, and information disclosure processes for market participants, making it easier for them to engage in transactions across provinces [6]. - The implementation of a "one registration, multiple access" mechanism will simplify the participation of operators in the market, reducing barriers to entry [6]. Group 4: Balancing Security and Market Dynamics - The foundational rules are designed to balance the need for reliable electricity supply with the goal of market-driven price discovery, reflecting the diverse values of electricity in the context of energy transition [7][8]. - The long-term market plays a critical role in stabilizing market expectations and ensuring supply security, while the spot market provides real-time price signals based on supply and demand dynamics [8][9]. Group 5: Auxiliary Services and System Stability - The auxiliary services market incentivizes various flexible resources to participate in system regulation, ensuring the stability of the new power system [9]. - A capacity market mechanism will be established to compensate reliable capacity that supports system stability, guiding investments in adjustable power sources [9].