都市评：广州海洋空间开发提高“弹性” 还要强化联动与协同

Core Viewpoint - Guangzhou is positioning itself as a hub for the "blue economy" through its newly proposed coastal and marine spatial planning, aiming for significant growth in marine production value and innovation in marine technology [1][4]. Group 1: Economic Development - The marine production value of Guangzhou reached 497.9 billion yuan in 2024, accounting for one-quarter of Guangdong's total [1]. - The planning outlines six major industrial clusters and five industrial parks, covering areas from international shipping to modern aquaculture, indicating a comprehensive approach to both traditional and emerging sectors [1]. - A marine reserve area, constituting 15.06% of the sea area, is designated for future strategic industries, showcasing the foresight in spatial planning [1]. Group 2: Ecological Protection - The principle of "ecological priority" is emphasized, with 36.29% of the sea area designated as ecological protection zones, and strict measures in place to protect 8.58% of the coastline [4]. - An innovative coastal building retreat line mechanism is introduced, reflecting a proactive approach to ecological conservation rather than a reactive one [4][5]. Group 3: Planning and Management - The planning employs a "positive list + classified management" approach, allowing for differentiated management of 14 islands, which avoids a one-size-fits-all development strategy [5]. - The management of nine uninhabited islands will follow a checklist-style approach, with eight designated for moderate development, categorized by function to promote diverse island economies [5]. Group 4: Future Challenges - Despite the ambitious vision, there are unresolved questions regarding the spatial distribution of specialized industries and the ability of the six clusters to achieve resource integration [5]. - Concerns are raised about how to mitigate risks from natural disasters, such as storm surges, while optimizing the use of 80.22% of the coastline for economic activities [5]. - The need for regional collaboration to build a world-class port cluster and manage competitive relationships among urban groups is highlighted as a critical challenge [5].