热浪“烤”验全球！近10年我国年平均高温日数增多25%

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the normalization of heatwaves globally, emphasizing their impact on human health, economic security, and ecological systems, driven primarily by human-induced greenhouse gas emissions [2]. Economic Impact of High Temperatures - Extreme heat has led to significant labor hour and income losses, with direct impacts on production systems, including industrial power restrictions and increased logistics costs due to lower water levels [3]. - Indirect effects include supply chain disruptions, rising energy costs, and food inflation due to agricultural losses [3]. Tourism Sector Changes - Historical data indicates that for every 1°C increase in temperature, tourist arrivals decrease by approximately 8.1%, leading to a 6% drop in tourism revenue [4]. - High temperatures are shifting consumer preferences from sightseeing to wellness tourism, a trend likely to persist as extreme heat events become more frequent [4]. Renewable Energy Demand - The surge in electricity demand during heatwaves is stimulating the growth of renewable energy installations, particularly solar power, which aligns with peak electricity usage during sunny periods [7]. - The integration of meteorological data with industrial operations is crucial for optimizing energy supply and demand during extreme heat events [5][6]. Regional Challenges and Opportunities - Coastal regions face challenges such as increased temperature control costs in high-end manufacturing, while opportunities exist in developing smart energy networks and heat-resistant materials [9]. - The central and western agricultural regions must address irrigation shortages and crop yield reductions, with potential growth in solar agriculture and climate-resilient crops [9]. Infrastructure and Policy Recommendations - Recommendations for urban planning include creating green spaces, enhancing building energy efficiency, and developing smart grids to manage electricity resources effectively [10]. - In agriculture, promoting efficient irrigation techniques and developing heat-resistant crop varieties are essential strategies to mitigate the impacts of extreme heat [10]. Learning from Global Practices - Successful international practices include Cambodia's drought-resistant crop initiatives and Spain's weather index insurance for crops, which could be adapted to improve resilience in China [11][13]. - The EU's push for renewable energy transition serves as a model for reducing reliance on fossil fuels [12][14].