华福证券：八个维度看本轮牛市的高度与长度

Group 1 - The Chinese capital market has shown signs of recovery since February 2024, with a significant upward trend starting from September 2024, as evidenced by the Shanghai Composite Index rising from below 2700 points to over 3600 points by August 2025, marking an increase of over 35% [1][4] - The current A-share market is characterized by a "slow bull" trend, with monthly lows consistently rising, indicating a potential for further growth as the market approaches previous bull market highs [5][7] - The market capitalization to GDP ratio for A-shares reached 64.1% by June 2025, indicating that there is still a considerable gap compared to historical bull market peaks, suggesting room for growth [7][9] Group 2 - A-share market cycles exhibit a clear pattern, with the current cycle being the fifth since 2001, typically lasting between 3 to 5 years, which implies that the current bull market may have a substantial duration ahead [9][10] - Valuation levels in the A-share market are highly differentiated, with most indices showing healthy valuations but some reaching historical extremes, indicating potential volatility in the future [11][12] - The leverage level in the A-share market has increased significantly, with financing balances reaching 20,462.4 billion yuan as of August 13, 2025, suggesting a high-risk environment [15][16] Group 3 - Corporate earnings have shown significant growth during previous bull markets, particularly in 2005-2007, 2009, and 2020-2021, which were marked by substantial profit increases, contrasting with other periods lacking such improvements [16][20] - The risk premium of A-shares compared to bonds remains above the median, indicating that equities still offer a favorable risk-return profile despite recent market gains [23][24] - Certain industries consistently outperform during bull markets, with sectors like defense and non-ferrous metals showing strong performance, while transportation and utilities tend to lag behind [27]