综述｜欧洲多国山火肆虐 欧盟启动跨国援助

Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the severe wildfire crisis affecting multiple European countries, particularly Spain and Portugal, prompting the European Union to initiate cross-border assistance for firefighting efforts [1][3]. Group 1: Wildfire Impact - Spain has experienced its worst wildfire crisis in history, with approximately 380,000 hectares affected, marking the highest record since 2006 [2]. - The wildfires have resulted in 3 fatalities, with an additional firefighter dying in a traffic accident while responding to the fires [2]. - Portugal has also faced significant wildfires, with over 201,000 hectares burned this year, surpassing the total area burned in the previous year [2]. Group 2: EU Response - Spain's government requested international assistance through the EU Civil Protection Mechanism for the first time since its establishment in 2001 [3]. - The EU has mobilized firefighting aircraft and teams from various member states, including Finland, France, Italy, and Germany, to support Spain's firefighting efforts [3]. - The EU Civil Protection Mechanism has been activated 16 times this year, matching the total number of activations for the entire previous fire season [3]. Group 3: Climate Change Factors - The European climate has warmed at twice the global average rate since the 1980s, contributing to increased wildfire risks [5]. - The area burned in the EU this year is approximately 895,000 hectares, significantly higher than the 213,000 hectares burned during the same period last year [5]. - Extreme temperatures exceeding 42 degrees Celsius have created favorable conditions for large-scale wildfires, which are expected to become more frequent and severe [5][6].