美国关税通胀真没来？瑞银：成本已经开始转嫁

Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the report is that the effective tariff rate in the U.S. has exceeded 18% and is expected to stabilize around 15% by mid-2026, which will ultimately impact GDP growth and consumer prices [1][9] - Evidence is accumulating that companies are beginning to pass on tariff costs to consumers, although the effects on official inflation data have not yet been significant [1][2] - The report highlights that the price of imported goods, such as electric tools, is already increasing, with specific examples like Festool raising prices by 6% due to tariffs [1][2] Group 2 - The process of passing on costs to consumers takes time, especially for low-frequency purchase items like electric tools compared to high-frequency items like bananas [6] - Since the beginning of the year, border tariffs have been steadily rising as more imported goods are subjected to tariffs, leading to higher effective tariff rates [2][6] - The U.S. dollar has depreciated significantly against other currencies, which adds pressure on exporters and complicates the cost absorption for importers [6][7] Group 3 - The U.S. Treasury's assertion that consumers will not bear the cost of tariffs is deemed implausible unless the dollar strengthens [9] - The expected effective tariff rates correspond to a range of 30%-40% on Chinese goods and 10%-15% on goods from other countries, indicating a significant ongoing impact on trade [9] - The anticipated long-term effects include a projected 1% decrease in GDP growth and a 1% increase in the Consumer Price Index (CPI) compared to a no-tariff scenario [1][9]