努力实现从“量”到“质”的跨越 我国原料药产业积极提升国际竞争力

Core Insights - The raw material pharmaceutical industry in China is undergoing a transformative period amid global restructuring, focusing on enhancing international competitiveness through innovation and global collaboration [1][5]. Export Performance - China has become the world's largest producer and exporter of raw pharmaceuticals, with export value increasing from $23.55 billion in 2015 to $42.98 billion in 2024, reflecting a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 7.7% [2]. - The total export volume of raw pharmaceuticals has also shown stable growth, with a CAGR of 9.0% during the same period [2]. - In the first half of 2025, both imports and exports of Western medicine raw materials from China experienced year-on-year growth [2]. Challenges in Internationalization - Despite strong export performance, challenges remain in the internationalization process, including global supply chain restructuring, increasing international trade friction, and intensified market competition [2]. - The uncertainty of global tariff policies poses potential pressure on export-dependent companies [2]. Impact of Indian Market - India, as the third-largest importer of raw pharmaceuticals, sources 68.8% of its imports from China, while also competing directly with China as the second-largest exporter [3]. - India's Production Linked Incentive (PLI) scheme supports local production of 53 raw pharmaceuticals, which may pressure Chinese companies' pricing power and profit margins [3]. - Stricter registration management and extended approval cycles in India increase export costs for Chinese firms [3]. Structural Issues in Domestic Industry - Structural overcapacity in China's raw pharmaceutical industry has led to price competition, further squeezing profit margins [4]. - Domestic companies have focused on traditional areas like vitamins and antibiotics, leading to saturation and intense competition, while high-value specialty raw pharmaceuticals remain underdeveloped [4]. Path to High-Quality Development - The industry needs to shift from cost competition to enhancing technological barriers as a foundation for international market presence [5]. - Emphasizing innovation in technology, processes, and materials is crucial for meeting international demand for high-quality raw pharmaceuticals [6]. - Targeting high-growth areas such as oncology, metabolic diseases, and neurological disorders is essential for building a differentiated competitive advantage [6]. Market Diversification Strategies - To mitigate external challenges, companies should reduce reliance on single markets and actively explore emerging markets [6]. - In the first five months of 2025, exports to Belt and Road Initiative countries reached $7.75 billion, a year-on-year increase of 4.2%, indicating significant market potential in Southeast Asia, the Middle East, and Latin America [6]. - Companies are encouraged to avoid over-dependence on single products or markets and to strategically incorporate emerging markets into their plans [6]. Collaborative Approaches - The overall production cost of Chinese raw pharmaceuticals is 20% to 30% lower than that of India, which remains a competitive advantage [7]. - Companies should transition from traditional trade to deep industry collaboration, such as supplying key intermediates to Indian firms and co-developing specialty raw pharmaceuticals [7].