欧洲今年蚊媒疾病传播事件创纪录 气候变化或令蚊媒疾病传播成为“新常态”

Core Insights - The European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) reports a record high of local transmission events of Chikungunya virus in Europe this year, with 27 cases reported as of September 13 [1] - The number of West Nile virus infections in Europe has reached its highest level in three years, with 335 reported cases and 19 deaths across eight countries [1] - Climate change is identified as a significant factor contributing to the increased spread of mosquito-borne diseases in Europe, leading to longer transmission seasons and broader geographic distribution [2] Group 1: Chikungunya and West Nile Virus - ECDC has reported 111 cases of Chikungunya in France and 7 in Italy, with no fatalities [1] - The distribution of West Nile virus is changing, with the highest number of cases in three years and an expectation of further increases [1][2] - The presence of the Aedes albopictus mosquito, which spreads Chikungunya, has expanded from 114 to 369 regions in Europe over the past decade [1] Group 2: Climate Change Impact - The ECDC highlights that climate and environmental factors, such as rising temperatures and altered rainfall patterns, are creating favorable conditions for mosquito breeding and virus transmission [2] - The director of ECDC states that Europe is entering a new phase where the transmission of mosquito-borne diseases is longer, wider, and more intense [2] Group 3: Public Health Implications - The emergence of a local Chikungunya case in northeastern France is noted as rare for that latitude, indicating an expanding risk of mosquito-borne diseases [2] - ECDC emphasizes the importance of coordinated public health actions and personal protective measures to mitigate the risks associated with evolving mosquito-borne disease patterns [3]