20cm速递 | 创业板新能源ETF国泰（159387）盘中涨超4.1%，光伏技术突破引关注

Group 1 - The photovoltaic battery metallization process is undergoing a technological transition from silver paste to copper alternatives due to rising silver prices, with metalization costs nearing 30% of total battery costs [1] - Copper, with its similar conductivity and significant cost advantages, is becoming the core direction for cost reduction, although it faces technical challenges such as oxidation and migration [1] - The introduction period for copper paste is expected to be from 2025 to 2026, followed by a rapid penetration phase from 2027 to 2028, with projected copper paste demand reaching 6,000 tons by 2030 [1] Group 2 - The processing fees for copper paste are higher than traditional silver paste, which may enhance the profitability of paste manufacturers, although technical barriers related to copper powder consistency and oxidation resistance remain [1] - The Guotai New Energy ETF (159387) tracks the Innovation Energy Index (399266), which selects technology innovation companies in solar energy, wind energy, electric vehicles, and energy storage to reflect the overall performance of leading firms in the new energy sector [1]