【银行观察】 优化银行风险管理 落实好并购贷款政策

Core Viewpoint - The National Financial Supervision Administration has released a draft for the "Management Measures for Mergers and Acquisitions Loans by Commercial Banks," marking the first comprehensive upgrade of the regulatory framework since 2015, focusing on "optimizing services and preventing risks" [1] Group 1: Regulatory Changes - The new measures introduce a balanced approach of "moderate looseness and strictness," allowing for financial support in industrial integration while setting clear risk boundaries for commercial banks [1] - For the first time, the measures include support for equity acquisitions, expanding beyond the previous focus on controlling acquisitions, aligning with current industrial chain collaboration needs [1] - The loan ratio and term have been relaxed, with the upper limit for controlling acquisition loans raised from 60% to 70% and the maximum term extended from 7 years to 10 years; equity acquisition loans are capped at 60% with a maximum term of 7 years [1] Group 2: Enhanced Risk Management - The measures require banks engaging in acquisition loans to meet conditions such as "good regulatory ratings" and "meeting key prudential regulatory indicators," along with asset size thresholds to prevent smaller banks from engaging in high-risk activities [2] - A closed-loop risk control process is mandated, focusing on pre-loan assessments of repayment capacity and post-loan vigilance against fund misappropriation and fraudulent acquisitions [2] - Quantitative risk boundaries are established, such as the total balance of acquisition loans not exceeding 50% of Tier 1 capital and equity loan balances not exceeding 30% of total acquisition loans [2] Group 3: Operational Requirements - Banks are required to establish specialized management mechanisms and systems to comply with the new measures, including defining business processes, risk assessment standards, and approval mechanisms [2] - The formation of a professional team is mandated, including merger experts, credit analysts, industry researchers, lawyers, and accountants, to enhance risk identification accuracy [3] - A multi-dimensional repayment capacity assessment system is to be constructed, analyzing both financial and non-financial factors to evaluate the ongoing profitability and debt repayment ability of acquired companies [3]