开学在即 这些健康知识需掌握

Core Viewpoint - As the new school season approaches, there are significant health risks for children and adolescents in educational settings, necessitating awareness and preventive measures from parents and children [2][11]. Group 1: Health Risks - Key health risks to focus on include respiratory infectious diseases such as influenza, measles, rubella, mumps, adenovirus, chickenpox, whooping cough, tuberculosis, and COVID-19 [3][5]. - Gastrointestinal infectious diseases like hand-foot-mouth disease, norovirus, and rotavirus-induced viral diarrhea are also prevalent [5]. - Vector-borne diseases, particularly in southern regions, include dengue fever, chikungunya, and epidemic encephalitis B [5]. Group 2: Preventive Measures - Emphasize hand hygiene by encouraging children to wash hands with soap or hand sanitizer before meals, after using the restroom, and upon returning home [6]. - Maintain home hygiene by ensuring proper ventilation, disinfecting toys, and avoiding consumption of raw water and food [6]. - Promote good lifestyle habits, including adequate sleep, balanced diet, and regular exercise, while helping children adjust their routines before school starts [6]. Group 3: Vaccination and Health Monitoring - Ensure timely and complete vaccination against preventable diseases such as influenza, measles, rubella, mumps, whooping cough, chickenpox, hand-foot-mouth disease, and COVID-19 [7]. - Increase vigilance regarding children's health; if symptoms like fever, cough, fatigue, or diarrhea occur, children should rest at home and seek medical attention if necessary [9]. - For children in collective dormitories, avoid sharing personal items to reduce the risk of disease transmission [10].