一财社论：发挥碳市场“指挥棒”作用，政府和市场要各归其位

Core Viewpoint - The government aims to effectively manage the relationship between government and market, ensuring proper regulation while allowing market autonomy in the context of carbon market development [1] Group 1: Carbon Market Development Goals - By 2027, the national carbon emission trading market will cover major industrial sectors, and the voluntary greenhouse gas reduction trading market will achieve full coverage in key areas [1] - By 2030, a comprehensive national carbon emission trading market will be established, featuring a combination of free and paid allocation methods, with a transparent and unified system that aligns with international standards [1] Group 2: Market Mechanisms and Participation - The carbon trading market is expected to enhance the awareness of low-carbon development, promoting the idea that carbon emissions incur costs while carbon reductions yield benefits [2] - Future expansions of the carbon market will include more industries beyond the current four (electricity, steel, building materials, and non-ferrous metals), based on industry development status and carbon emission characteristics [2] - The introduction of individual participants and the establishment of policies for carbon pledges and repurchases are seen as effective measures to broaden the trading community [2] Group 3: Regulatory Framework and Oversight - The government will implement a mixed allocation method for carbon emission quotas, gradually increasing the proportion of paid allocations while preventing incompatible carbon assets from entering the market [3] - Strengthening regulatory oversight of trading activities is crucial, including the establishment of risk assessment and management systems for compliance among major emitters [3] - Ongoing legislative research aims to enhance the management of voluntary greenhouse gas reduction trading, improve the efficiency of fund clearing mechanisms, and reduce transaction costs in the carbon market [4] Group 4: Systematic Approach and Integration - The construction of the national carbon market is a complex system project that requires a problem-oriented and goal-oriented approach, balancing various relationships such as market and government, long-term and short-term objectives, and domestic and international considerations [5]