气候变化影响哥斯达黎加咖啡产量，预计来年产量下降约10%

Core Insights - Coffee is one of Costa Rica's three major agricultural exports, but climate change is significantly impacting local coffee production, with an estimated 10% decline in output expected for the 2025-2026 period [1][3] Group 1: Production Impact - Continuous rainfall since the end of last year has disrupted the growth cycle of coffee, leading to a projected 10% decrease in coffee production for the 2025-2026 season, down to approximately 1.17 million bags [3] - The heavy rainfall has exacerbated structural issues, including labor shortages, with the Costa Rican Coffee Institute reporting that 15% of coffee cherries could not be harvested in time due to the adverse weather [3] - In the Los Santos region, particularly in Tarrazú, coffee production is expected to decrease by 20% for the 2025-2026 season, resulting in an estimated economic loss of $22.1 million [3] Group 2: Disease and Soil Conditions - The increased rainfall has intensified the spread of coffee rust and anthracnose diseases, while also damaging soil conditions for planting [7] - Producers are being forced to seek higher altitudes with more suitable temperatures for coffee cultivation [7] Group 3: Adaptation and Research Efforts - Costa Rican experts and institutions are working to develop new coffee varieties that can withstand the impacts of climate change, with research on hybrid coffee varieties initiated eight years ago [9] - The research focuses on the adaptability of these hybrids in non-traditional altitude planting areas, as well as addressing yield and coffee quality issues, which are critical in Costa Rica [9] - Additionally, Costa Rica is enhancing its early warning systems to provide timely alerts on diseases and weather changes, while also improving infrastructure for shade tree planting, irrigation system upgrades, and mechanical drying facilities [9]