特朗普“盯上”12家地区联储 美联储独立性危机加剧

Group 1 - The Trump administration is exploring ways to increase its influence over the 12 regional Federal Reserve banks, potentially extending its power beyond personnel appointments in Washington [1][2] - President Trump dismissed Federal Reserve Governor Lisa Cook, which could allow him to gain a majority on the seven-member Federal Reserve Board if upheld in court [1][2] - The selection and reappointment process for regional Fed presidents is overseen by regional boards and the Board of Governors, and if the government can review these processes, it would mark a significant step in influencing monetary policy [1][2] Group 2 - Economists suggest that the White House is scrutinizing every aspect to find ways to change the Federal Reserve, with a focus on the reappointment voting of regional Fed presidents [2] - The goal of the Trump administration is not to make the Federal Reserve more dovish but to closely examine the selection and review process for regional Fed presidents, as these positions do not require Senate confirmation [2][3] - Former Fed Vice Chair Lael Brainard warned that any political moves to dismiss multiple regional Fed presidents could exacerbate inflation and raise long-term interest rates [2][3] Group 3 - Brainard stated that attempts to alter the overall voting results of the FOMC represent an unprecedented challenge to the independence of the Federal Reserve [3] - Since returning to the White House, Trump has consistently called for interest rate cuts, but under Jerome Powell's leadership, the Fed has maintained the benchmark rate due to concerns over inflation from Trump's tariff policies [3][4] - Trump's economic team believes the Fed failed to effectively regulate the economy before the 2008 financial crisis but gained more power afterward, criticizing its slow response to inflation in 2021-22 and the subsequent Silicon Valley Bank collapse [4] Group 4 - Trump indicated that his nominated candidates would soon hold a majority on the Federal Reserve Board, supporting his desire for significant interest rate cuts [5] - He emphasized that achieving a majority vote would improve housing issues, stating that high loan rates are the primary problem that needs addressing [5]