集成黑色金属、激光蚀刻、“迷你温室”三大技术，新型太阳能热电发电机效率大幅提升

Core Insights - A new type of solar thermoelectric generator (STEG) developed by scientists at the University of Rochester has achieved a 15-fold increase in conversion efficiency compared to earlier versions [1] - The new STEG can power IoT wireless sensors and wearable devices, and serve as an off-grid renewable energy system for rural areas [1] Group 1: Technological Innovations - The new STEG integrates three innovative strategies: the use of self-developed black metal technology on the hot side to selectively absorb solar wavelengths [2] - Femtosecond laser pulses are used to etch nanoscale structures on the metal surface, enhancing solar energy absorption and reducing thermal radiation loss [2] - A microstructured heat sink made from treated aluminum on the cold side significantly improves cooling performance, doubling the cooling efficiency [2] Group 2: Efficiency Improvements - The research team focused on enhancing the heat absorption and insulation capabilities of the hot side while optimizing the cooling performance of the cold side, leading to a significant breakthrough in efficiency [2] - The new STEG demonstrates the ability to power organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) with efficiency levels far exceeding current methods [2]