以专业调整优化为契机，实现高校差异化办学

Core Viewpoint - The "Action Plan for the Adjustment and Optimization of Higher Education Disciplines and Majors (2025-2027)" emphasizes the need for a systematic approach to optimize academic disciplines and majors in higher education, aligning them with national strategic needs and technological development [1][2]. Group 1: Optimization of Academic Disciplines - The recent "Action Plan" continues to enhance the optimization of academic disciplines in ordinary higher education, expanding this optimization to vocational higher education [2]. - It proposes an innovative directory management mechanism to shorten adjustment cycles and strengthen the coordination among graduate, undergraduate, and vocational disciplines [2][3]. Group 2: Support for Fundamental Disciplines - The plan calls for increased support for fundamental disciplines, particularly through the "Strong Foundation Program," which aims to expand enrollment and explore new talent cultivation models [3]. - There is a need to change the perception of fundamental disciplines as "less popular" and to enhance employment opportunities for graduates in these fields [3]. Group 3: Differentiated Development Mechanism - The plan suggests a differentiated development mechanism to promote the construction of fundamental, applied, and strategic disciplines, allowing institutions to optimize their academic offerings based on their specific educational positioning [3]. - It emphasizes the importance of maintaining institutional autonomy and reforming educational evaluations to support differentiated and characteristic education [3].