从抢救到活化，全球专家共答石窟寺千年考题

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the advancements in the protection and preservation of ancient grottoes, particularly focusing on the use of innovative materials and technologies, such as 3D printing and digital modeling, to enhance the longevity and integrity of these cultural heritage sites [2][6]. Group 1: Preservation Techniques - Traditional materials like lime-based or epoxy resins used for repairing sculptures are being replaced with new inorganic eco-friendly grouting materials [2]. - The implementation of isolation doors at sites like Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes has proven effective in creating a controlled microenvironment that protects against environmental factors such as wind and moisture [4][5]. - A systematic preventive protection framework is being established, transitioning from emergency reinforcement to preventive measures and from exploratory repairs to precise restorations [5][6]. Group 2: Digital Technology in Preservation - Digital technologies are being utilized to extend the life of grottoes, with techniques such as 3D scanning and modeling being employed to replicate damaged artifacts [6][7]. - The integration of smart monitoring systems is enhancing the preservation efforts, with platforms developed to track various environmental indicators [7]. Group 3: Cultural Heritage Utilization - The discussion emphasizes the need for a balance between protection and utilization of cultural heritage, advocating for diverse visitor experiences such as deep tours and educational programs [9][10]. - The development of a 5G digital management platform at Longmen Grottoes aims to improve visitor experience through better management and service delivery [10]. Group 4: International Collaboration - International cooperation in heritage preservation has expanded, with projects involving multiple countries and institutions aimed at sharing knowledge and techniques [11][12]. - The article highlights the importance of multidisciplinary approaches in heritage protection, encouraging educational institutions to foster cross-disciplinary learning opportunities [13].