打好要素改革组合拳 激活统一大市场新动能

Core Viewpoint - The State Council's meeting on August 29 emphasized the importance of factor market-oriented reforms as a crucial measure for building a high-level socialist market economy and advancing the construction of a unified national market [1][8]. Group 1: Reform Objectives - The meeting outlined three main goals targeting the core shortcomings of the current factor market: price distortion, limited mobility, and imbalanced allocation [4]. - It was highlighted that the market should play a decisive role in resource allocation, with a focus on allowing market-determined pricing, autonomous and orderly flow, and efficient and fair allocation of factors [3][4]. Group 2: Specific Factor Areas - The meeting identified six key factors for targeted reforms: - Technology: Emphasizing innovation vitality, addressing issues like patent conversion and intellectual property protection [5]. - Land: Focusing on efficient allocation, with urban-rural land reform and revitalization of existing land as priorities [5]. - Human Resources: Aiming to guide reasonable mobility, indicating potential breakthroughs in household registration and social security across regions [5]. - Data: Accelerating the cultivation and improvement of the market in response to the "Twenty Data Measures," with a focus on foundational institutional implementation [5]. - Capital: Enhancing the ability to serve the real economy, aligning with recent financial support for technological innovation [5]. - Resource and Environment: Improving market system construction, including trading mechanisms for carbon emissions and water rights [5]. Group 3: Systematic Reform Approach - The meeting signaled a multi-factor collaborative reform approach to avoid institutional friction from isolated reforms, emphasizing the need for systematic enhancement [6]. - "Differentiated exploration" was highlighted as a key term, encouraging targeted pilot reforms in key areas and allowing regions to innovate based on local conditions [6]. Group 4: Interaction Between Local and Central Initiatives - The need for "grassroots innovation + top-level design" was reinforced, with examples of local practices such as data cross-border flow in the east and ecological resource trading in the west [7]. - In the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, solutions for medical data interoperability issues were successfully implemented, showcasing practical applications of the reforms [7]. Group 5: Overall Impact - The meeting emphasized the importance of coordination and guidance, aiming to create replicable and scalable practices [8]. - Factor market-oriented reform is not only an economic issue but also a foundational institutional basis for building national competitive advantages, directly impacting the efficiency and resilience of the Chinese economy [8].