特朗普政府要收紧国际学生签证？何时生效？怎么调整

Core Viewpoint - The proposed rule by the Trump administration aims to change the visa regulations for international students and scholars, likely leading to a more restrictive environment for foreign nationals in the U.S. [1] Summary by Relevant Sections Visa Regulations Changes - The current "Duration of Status (D/S)" for F, J, and I visa holders will be replaced with fixed stay periods, limiting F and J visa holders to a maximum of 4 years and 240 days respectively [1][2] - The new rule will require students to apply for an extension of stay (EOS) directly to the USCIS after their fixed period ends [2][3] Impact on Students - The proposed changes will significantly affect graduate students, as many programs exceed the new maximum stay limits, potentially requiring more frequent visa renewals [2][4] - F-1 students will no longer be allowed to change majors or levels of education during their studies, which restricts academic flexibility [2][3] Public Response and Concerns - Various educational organizations have expressed opposition to the proposed rule, arguing it will create unnecessary burdens and uncertainties for international students [6][7] - The decline in international student enrollment is already evident, with a reported 28.5% drop in new international students arriving in the U.S. compared to the previous year [7] Future Process - The proposed rule is currently in a public comment phase, which will conclude on September 29, after which the Department of Homeland Security will review feedback and potentially modify the draft before finalizing the rule [5][6]