一财社论：激活要素市场必须学会啃“硬骨头”

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the importance of deepening the market-oriented allocation of factors in China, highlighting the need for systemic reforms to overcome existing challenges and enhance efficiency in resource allocation [1][2][7]. Group 1: Challenges in Factor Marketization - The current factor marketization reform faces challenges such as low allocation efficiency and misallocation of traditional production factors like land, labor, and capital, as well as the need for a more developed marketization mechanism for new production factors like data [2][5]. - The relationship between government and market needs to be carefully managed to ensure effective market operation while addressing market failures and maintaining fair competition [3][4]. Group 2: Key Areas for Improvement - Key areas identified for reform include improving land factor allocation efficiency, facilitating orderly labor mobility, enhancing capital's service to the real economy, and promoting the transformation of technological factors into productive forces [5][6]. - The government aims to promote market-determined pricing for factors, ensure efficient and fair allocation, and stimulate innovation in technological factors while enhancing the service capacity of capital to the real economy [5][6]. Group 3: Empowerment and Legal Framework - There is a need to empower regions to explore bold reforms tailored to local conditions, with a focus on creating replicable experiences and reducing barriers to marketization [6][7]. - Establishing a legal and regulatory framework that supports the comprehensive reform of factor marketization is crucial for addressing existing legal obstacles and ensuring smooth implementation of reforms [6][7].