人工智能将重塑全球服务贸易格局

Core Viewpoint - The rapid development of artificial intelligence (AI) is profoundly changing the traditional service trade development model, enhancing cross-border service efficiency and giving rise to new forms and models of service trade, which may reshape the global service trade landscape and influence future regional patterns and rules of service trade [1][2]. Changing Traditional Service Trade Development Model - Service trade can be provided through human labor or artificial intelligence. The human-provided service model relies on the physical presence of service providers and consumers, which limits the scalability of cross-border service trade due to factors like visa policies and international travel costs [2][4]. - AI breaks the limitations of simultaneous production and consumption in service provision, allowing services to be delivered online across borders, thus reshaping the traditional service trade model [2][3]. Promoting Service Trade Optimization and Upgrading - The application of AI in service trade will enhance service efficiency and quality, reduce labor costs, and enable more timely and richer service offerings [4]. - AI increases the technical content of service trade, providing high-value and high-tech services across various service sectors [4]. - The development of AI raises the quality requirements for service trade personnel, increasing demand for high-end talent such as scientists and data experts, and promoting the cross-border flow of AI talent [4][5]. Changing Global Service Trade Landscape - In the short term, AI will accelerate the development of service trade; in the long term, it will alter the global service trade structure by changing the roles of developed and developing countries in service outsourcing [6][7]. - AI redefines the comparative advantages of countries in international service trade, shifting the focus from labor costs to technological capabilities, which will impact the competitive landscape of service trade [8]. - AI enhances the status of cross-border delivery methods in service trade, making online service delivery more convenient and accelerating its growth [8][9]. Reshaping Global Service Trade Rules - The rise of AI in service trade necessitates a transformation of existing global service trade rules, which were originally based on physical entities and traditional economic models [10]. - New regulatory frameworks are needed to address issues related to data flow and consumer protection in AI-driven service trade, requiring international cooperation on data movement standards and regulations [10].