烽火铸丹心 科学佑山河——抗日战争中的中国科学家精神及当代回响

Core Viewpoint - The article commemorates the contributions of Chinese scientists during the Anti-Japanese War, highlighting their innovative spirit and dedication to national survival and revival through scientific endeavors [1][2][28]. Group 1: Contributions of Scientists - Chinese scientists mobilized to support the nation during the war, utilizing their knowledge to address urgent needs in military and civilian sectors [2][22]. - Notable achievements include the development of a new wireless radio transmitter by Yan Jici, which significantly improved wartime telecommunications [5][6]. - The invention of the Hou's alkali-making method by chemist Hou Debang reduced production costs by 40% and increased salt utilization to 96%, contributing to industrial development [7]. Group 2: Educational and Institutional Resilience - The migration of Zhejiang University during the war exemplified the commitment to education, with faculty and students continuing their studies under dire conditions [15][17]. - The establishment of the Yan'an Natural Science Institute marked a significant effort to maintain scientific education and research during the war [18][19]. Group 3: Agricultural and Medical Innovations - Agricultural scientists like Shen Liying made significant contributions to wheat breeding, promoting the cultivation of high-yield varieties [24]. - Medical researchers developed vaccines and nutritional solutions to combat health crises during the war, addressing the high mortality rates among soldiers and civilians [26][27]. Group 4: Legacy and Impact - The scientific advancements made during the war laid the groundwork for post-war technological development in China, influencing various industries [31][32]. - The spirit of innovation and dedication displayed by scientists during the war continues to inspire contemporary scientific endeavors in China [34][36].