这类城市将面临撤并或整合，发改委人士提及“收缩型城市”

Group 1 - The core viewpoint is that a small number of cities in China are experiencing factor loss due to issues like single industrial structure, leading to the emergence of "shrinking cities" which may face potential consolidation or merger in the future [1] - The National Development and Reform Commission has noted that while there is rich experience in the consolidation of towns, large-scale city mergers are not yet on the horizon, as many county-level cities are still in their developmental phase [1] - The goal is to curb industrial and population loss and create small, beautiful cities with unique advantages that align with modern urban development needs [1] Group 2 - The causes of "shrinking cities" include resource depletion, as seen in regions like Germany's Ruhr area and China's Gansu Yumen, which have suffered from resource exhaustion [3] - Industrial transformation challenges are also a factor, where cities fail to adapt to the demands of industrial upgrades, leading to population decline, as observed in cities like Liverpool and Aershan in China [3] - Remote cities lacking resources or industrial support, particularly in China's northwest, are also experiencing shrinkage, with examples including Gansu Dingxi and Inner Mongolia's Eerguna [3] - The siphoning effect of large cities contributes to population movement from smaller cities to regional centers, with examples like Baltimore near New York and Gaobeidian near Beijing [3]