CNBC·2025-09-05 05:25Core Insights - Argentina is focusing on unlocking its copper potential to meet surging global demand driven by electrification and renewable energy initiatives [1][2] - The administration of President Javier Milei is implementing tough reforms aimed at stabilizing the economy, with a significant emphasis on the mining sector, particularly copper and lithium [2][4] Investment Incentives - The Large Investment Incentive Regime (RIGI) has been introduced to attract large-scale investors by offering tax, trade, and foreign exchange benefits over a 30-year period [3][8] - So far, 20 projects worth over $30 billion have applied for RIGI, with three-quarters focused on mining, particularly copper, which alone is estimated to represent $16 billion [4][9] Major Players and Projects - Major mining companies such as BHP, Glencore, and Rio Tinto are actively investing in Argentina's copper and lithium sectors, with executives meeting President Milei to discuss opportunities [5][6] - The Vicuna joint venture between BHP and Lundin is highlighted as a significant copper project, with estimated deposits of 13 million metric tons of measured copper and 25 million tons of inferred copper [6][7] Economic Potential - Analysts estimate that Argentina's potential copper projects could represent a $47 billion opportunity for the economy through 2040, comparable to the $44 billion bailout loan from the IMF [9][10] - The current global demand for copper is expected to dramatically outstrip supply, driven by technological advancements and a shift away from fossil fuels [9] Challenges and Risks - The success of Argentina's mining sector hinges on policy consistency and social license, as historical volatility in the economy has kept investment levels below potential [11][12] - Anti-mining activism and concerns over environmental issues, such as water usage and glacier protection, pose challenges for companies seeking to operate sustainably [12]