滥施钢铝关税救不了美国制造业

Group 1 - The U.S. government has expanded the scope of tariffs on steel and aluminum imports to include hundreds of derivative products, with a 50% tariff imposed on 407 product codes due to their steel and aluminum content [1] - The new tariff list took effect on August 18, marking the highest actual tariff rate since the Smoot-Hawley Tariff Act of 1930, which poses a significant negative impact on the international economy [1] - Historical evidence suggests that previous tariff wars have had adverse effects, with the current complex global supply chains increasing the systemic risks associated with tariff misuse [1][2] Group 2 - The U.S. is attempting to construct a new set of trade rules that reflect its own interests, effectively transferring its domestic costs to global trade partners, which goes beyond normal trade policy into protectionism [2] - The so-called "fair trade" approach by the U.S. is a guise for maintaining its economic monopoly, as it enforces unilateral tariffs that undermine the World Trade Organization's principles [2] - The imposition of asymmetric tariffs distorts global supply chains and converts reasonable economic benefits of trade partners into monopolistic gains for the U.S. government [2] Group 3 - From the perspective of global value chain restructuring, the U.S. trade policy reveals a dual paradox: most of the tariff costs will ultimately be borne by U.S. companies, and the restructuring of supply chains primarily concentrates in ASEAN regions, leading to secondary dependencies [3] - The excessive use of tariffs is unlikely to reduce trade deficits or protect industries, instead causing structural imbalances in global economic governance [3] - The current tariff strategy may not restore the economic glory of the past but could accelerate the decline of the U.S.'s dominant position in global trade [3]