美国关税政策大转向：关键商品获豁免，硅产品入列征税清单

Group 1 - The U.S. government has made significant adjustments to its import tariff policy, exempting key metals and minerals like gold, tungsten, uranium, and graphite, while adding silicon products to the tax list [1][2] - The exemptions are expected to benefit high-tech industries such as aerospace, consumer electronics, nuclear energy, and medical devices, providing stability to financial markets after previous confusion regarding gold tariffs [2] - The new tariffs on silicon products may pose cost challenges for the semiconductor and solar industries, raising concerns about the underlying intentions of the policy changes [2] Group 2 - The recent tariff adjustments have led to a dramatic increase in the U.S. trade deficit, which surged by 33% in July to reach $78.8 billion, the highest in four months, primarily due to a 5.9% rise in imports [4] - Companies are stockpiling goods in anticipation of higher tariffs, with gold imports hitting a record high of $10.5 billion in July, indicating a "rush to import" trend driven by policy expectations [4] - The manufacturing sector continues to face challenges, with the PMI remaining below 50 for six consecutive months, indicating ongoing contraction, and the automotive industry particularly affected by high tariffs on imported parts [5]