张松山：“小行星防御”背后的中国技术自信

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses China's comprehensive plans for asteroid detection and defense, emphasizing the urgency and collaborative spirit in addressing potential threats to Earth from asteroids [1][2][4]. Group 1: Asteroid Threats and Historical Context - Historical asteroid impacts, such as the one that led to the extinction of dinosaurs 66 million years ago and the Chelyabinsk event in 2013, highlight the ongoing risks posed by asteroids to Earth's biosphere [1]. - The need for a robust asteroid defense system is underscored by these historical events, prompting proactive measures from nations [1]. Group 2: China's Asteroid Defense Initiatives - China's asteroid defense efforts are part of a long-term strategic plan, as outlined in the 2021 white paper on space activities, which calls for the establishment of a near-Earth object defense system [2]. - The timeline for China's kinetic impact demonstration mission has been accelerated to 2023, reflecting a heightened awareness of space threats and confidence in technological advancements [2]. - The proposed "flyby + impact + flyby" mission design aims to gather detailed parameters of a target asteroid before executing a high-speed impact, followed by an assessment of the impact's effects [2]. Group 3: Monitoring and Early Warning Systems - China is developing a comprehensive monitoring and early warning system for near-Earth objects, integrating ground-based and space-based observation networks [3]. - Successful tracking of asteroid 2024 RW1 by the Purple Mountain Observatory demonstrates significant progress in China's asteroid monitoring capabilities [3]. Group 4: International Collaboration and Responsibility - China promotes the concept of a shared human destiny, viewing asteroid defense as a global endeavor, and has joined the International Asteroid Warning Network [4]. - The country emphasizes international cooperation in monitoring, data sharing, and joint research, with plans for collaborative observation during the kinetic impact mission [4]. - China's approach to asteroid defense reflects a commitment to global safety and the sharing of scientific knowledge, aiming to enhance collective understanding and preparedness against asteroid threats [4].