美国67岁男子移植猪肾后 存活近8个月创纪录！对话主刀医生：五年内或成常规手术 下一个突破会是心脏

Core Viewpoint - The successful transplantation of genetically edited pig kidneys into humans marks a significant milestone in xenotransplantation, with the longest survival time recorded at nearly 8 months for patient Tim Andrews [1][2]. Group 1: Patient and Procedure Details - Tim Andrews, a 67-year-old man, received a genetically edited pig kidney transplant after suffering from end-stage renal disease and being on dialysis for over two years [2][3]. - The transplant involved a pig kidney with 69 genomic edits, including 59 to inactivate porcine endogenous retroviruses (PERV) and 10 to eliminate three types of glycan antigens to prevent hyperacute rejection [2][3]. - The surgery was performed by Dr. Tatsuo Kawai, who believes that pig kidney transplants could become routine within five years despite existing challenges [1][4]. Group 2: Research and Regulatory Aspects - The FDA has approved eGenesis to conduct trials involving genetically edited pig kidney transplants in 33 patients aged 50 and above with end-stage renal disease [1][2]. - The ongoing research aims to identify the optimal combination of gene edits necessary for successful xenotransplantation, as the specific human proteins critical for success remain under debate [3][4]. Group 3: Historical Context and Future Prospects - Historically, the survival times for patients receiving animal organ transplants ranged from 4 minutes to 70 days, highlighting the advancements made in xenotransplantation technology [3][5]. - The next potential breakthrough in xenotransplantation may involve heart transplants, although challenges remain due to the critical condition of patients and the complexity of the procedure [6][7].