洞察气候：浙江能源锻造韧性“与天共生”

Core Insights - The interaction between energy and climate is becoming increasingly complex, with climate change leading to more frequent extreme weather events that directly impact energy demand and supply [1][5][19]. Group 1: Climate Impact on Energy Demand - The summer of 2023 saw extreme heat in Zhejiang, with an average maximum temperature of 35.8°C and 22 high-temperature days, significantly above the historical averages [3][4]. - The peak electricity load in Zhejiang reached a historical high of 1.31 billion kilowatts, with 74 days exceeding 100 million kilowatts [4]. - High temperatures have led to a surge in air conditioning load, which peaked at 44.84 million kilowatts, accounting for 34.7% of the total load [5][6]. Group 2: Climate Impact on Energy Supply - Climate change has altered precipitation patterns, leading to both increased rainfall in some areas and severe droughts in others, affecting hydropower generation [7][12]. - The melting of glaciers and permafrost in regions like the Tibetan Plateau has been exacerbated by rising temperatures, impacting local water resources [8][12]. - The increasing share of renewable energy sources has heightened the sensitivity of power supply to weather conditions, with extreme weather events causing instability in wind and solar power generation [17][18]. Group 3: Energy System Adaptation Strategies - Zhejiang has implemented strategies to enhance the resilience of its energy system, including increasing the output of thermal power plants and maximizing external electricity imports [21][22]. - The province has accelerated the transition to cleaner energy, with solar power output reaching a maximum of 37.85 million kilowatts, an increase of over 1.2 million kilowatts compared to the previous year [22]. - The integration of virtual power plants and flexible energy storage solutions has improved the system's ability to balance supply and demand during peak periods [24][27]. Group 4: Future Directions and Innovations - The collaboration between energy and meteorological services is being strengthened to enhance predictive capabilities for extreme weather events, which is crucial for energy management [31][36]. - The development of a comprehensive energy system that incorporates climate insights is essential for ensuring energy security and sustainability [29][37]. - Zhejiang's approach serves as a model for other regions facing similar climate challenges, showcasing the importance of adaptability and innovation in energy systems [38].