回应市场关切！财政部答中证报记者问

Group 1: Fiscal Policy and Economic Development - The core viewpoint emphasizes the importance of balancing risk prevention and economic development in fiscal policy, with sufficient room for future policy adjustments [2][3] - The fiscal deficit rate has increased from 2.7% to 3.8% during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, with a further increase to 4% this year, indicating a proactive fiscal stance [2][3] - A total of 19.4 trillion yuan in new local government special bonds has been allocated to support various projects, reflecting a strong commitment to infrastructure and development [2][3] Group 2: Innovation and Investment - The government plans to innovate fiscal and tax policy tools to stimulate consumer spending and expand effective investment, highlighting the potential of domestic demand as a growth driver [3][5] - National fiscal spending on science and technology is expected to reach 5.5 trillion yuan during the "14th Five-Year Plan," a 34% increase from the previous plan, focusing on foundational and strategic research [5][6] - The implementation of tax reductions and subsidies for specialized small and medium enterprises has supported the growth of 14,600 "little giant" companies, enhancing the innovation landscape [5][6] Group 3: Debt Management and Risk Control - The government's total debt is projected to be 92.6 trillion yuan by the end of 2024, with a debt-to-GDP ratio of 68.7%, indicating that the debt level is within a reasonable range and manageable [6][7] - Measures to address hidden debts and improve local government debt management are ongoing, with a focus on sustainable economic development [6][7] Group 4: Social Welfare and Public Spending - Over 70% of the national general public budget expenditure is allocated to social welfare, demonstrating a strong commitment to improving living standards [9] - The number of participants in basic pension insurance has exceeded 1.07 billion, and basic medical insurance coverage has reached 1.327 billion, showcasing the extensive social security system in place [9] Group 5: International Cooperation and Development - The Ministry of Finance has actively engaged in international financial cooperation, enhancing China's role in global sustainable development through various initiatives [10] - The government is committed to promoting multilateralism and global governance, focusing on infrastructure projects and investment systems under the Belt and Road Initiative [10]