细胞可通过“呕吐”加速修复 但也可能助长癌症

Core Findings - Researchers have discovered a previously unknown cell repair mechanism where damaged cells "vomit" internal debris to rapidly shrink in size and return to a stem cell-like state, thereby accelerating tissue repair [1] - This process, termed "clearance exocytosis," allows cells to quickly eliminate internal waste and focus on regenerating healthy tissue, rather than relying solely on slower degradation mechanisms [1] - While this mechanism aids in cell repair, it also generates additional waste that may lead to inflammation and potentially increase cancer risk [1] Group 1 - The study was conducted by researchers from Washington University in St. Louis and Baylor College of Medicine, and the findings were published in the journal Cell Reports [1] - The research utilized a mouse model of gastric injury, revealing that the "vomiting" of damaged fragments occurs in nearly all gastric cells [1] - The primary task of injured cells is to repair damage, but mature organelles responsible for repair can sometimes hinder this process, prompting cells to eliminate these obstacles and revert to a smaller, primitive state with proliferative capabilities [1] Group 2 - Gastric cells have a long lifespan and often accumulate mutations during aging, which can complicate the repair process [2] - When aging and mutated cells attempt to revert to a stem cell-like state in the presence of inflammation, there is a heightened risk of amplifying harmful mutations, potentially leading to cancer [2]