架起空中“能源丝路”——来自新疆的调查

Core Viewpoint - Xinjiang has become a crucial part of China's energy strategy due to its abundant energy resources, including coal, solar, and wind power, which are among the highest in the country. The region's energy development has significantly contributed to the national energy structure transformation since the launch of the "Xinjiang Power Transmission" initiative in 2010 [1][2]. Energy Resources - Xinjiang has confirmed coal reserves of 4.5 trillion tons, accounting for 25% of the national total and approximately 40% of the predicted total coal resources. Solar energy resources are about 4.2 billion kilowatts, representing 26.9% of the national total, while wind energy resources are around 1 billion kilowatts, making up 18% of the national total [1]. - The region's energy resources are likened to "rich mines," providing strong support for energy development [1]. Power Transmission Infrastructure - Since the initiation of "Xinjiang Power Transmission" in 2010, Xinjiang has established five power transmission channels, increasing the number of provinces receiving electricity from 7 to 22, with a cumulative power transmission exceeding 940 billion kilowatt-hours [1][4]. - The first significant project, the Hami-Dunhuang 750 kV transmission line, was completed in 2010, marking the start of Xinjiang's integration with the national grid. The Hami-South Zhengzhou ±800 kV UHVDC project, operational since 2014, has consistently delivered over 40 billion kilowatt-hours annually for six years [3][4]. Technological Advancements - The construction of the world's highest voltage and largest capacity UHVDC project, the Zhundong-Wannan ±1100 kV, was completed in 2019, overcoming numerous global challenges and setting new standards in equipment technology [3]. - New technologies, including drones and digital twins, have been applied to enhance operational efficiency in power transmission stations, tripling the efficiency of maintenance work [3]. Energy Transmission Capacity - By the end of 2024, Xinjiang's power transmission capacity is expected to reach 1,267 billion kilowatt-hours, leading the northwest region. The ongoing construction of the Xinjiang (Southern) Power Transmission to Sichuan and Chongqing project will significantly enhance the power transmission capacity from Southern Xinjiang [4][7]. Energy Grid Development - Xinjiang has built 32 750 kV substations and 98 transmission lines, totaling 12,300 kilometers, making it the province with the most extensive 750 kV grid in China. This development has improved the reliability and capacity of power supply across the region [7]. - The region's energy grid has formed five 750 kV ring networks, enhancing the overall power supply capability and reliability [6][7]. Renewable Energy Integration - As of mid-2023, Xinjiang's total installed power capacity reached 219 million kilowatts, with renewable energy accounting for 128 million kilowatts, representing 58.45% of the total. The region has seen a 6.57% year-on-year increase in cumulative power transmission [11]. - The integration of innovative storage technologies has significantly improved the utilization rate of renewable energy, with the establishment of several large-scale energy storage projects [10][11]. Economic Impact - The "Xinjiang Power Transmission" initiative has not only supported national energy supply but also injected strong momentum into Xinjiang's economic and social development, driving investments in wind, solar, and coal power industries [12]. - The establishment of specialized industrial parks in energy-rich areas aims to create an integrated layout of "power, grid, production, and chain," reducing initial investment burdens for enterprises [13].