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千万老漂族,困在养孩子的义务中
Jing Ji Guan Cha Bao·2025-09-13 05:38

Core Viewpoint - The phenomenon of "old drifters" in China, where elderly individuals move to urban areas to assist their children with childcare and household duties, is increasingly common, leading to both benefits and conflicts within family dynamics [2][3][10]. Group 1: Demographics and Trends - The term "old drifters" refers to elderly individuals who relocate to cities to help their children with childcare and household tasks, with a significant portion of the elderly population participating in this trend [2][3]. - In 2020, the total floating population in China was 376 million, with an estimated 11 million elderly individuals acting as "old drifters" based on 2015 data [2][3]. - The elderly often face challenges adapting to urban life, including unfamiliar living conditions and social dynamics, which can lead to feelings of isolation and discomfort [3][7]. Group 2: Family Dynamics and Conflicts - Conflicts often arise from differing parenting philosophies between the elderly and younger generations, particularly regarding childcare practices and expectations [4][10]. - Many elderly individuals feel they are treated as outsiders in their children's homes, leading to a sense of confinement and lack of autonomy [7][11]. - The elderly often bear the brunt of childcare responsibilities, which can lead to physical and mental health issues due to the high demands placed upon them [4][14]. Group 3: Economic Implications - The reliance on "old drifters" significantly reduces childcare costs for families, as hiring professional caregivers can be prohibitively expensive [12][13]. - In urban areas, the average monthly salary for a nanny can exceed 7,000 yuan, making the support of elderly family members a more economical option for many households [12][13]. - The presence of "old drifters" allows younger parents to maintain their careers, contributing to the overall economic stability of the family unit [6][15]. Group 4: Psychological and Social Aspects - Many elderly individuals experience feelings of loneliness and neglect, as their emotional needs are often overlooked by busy family members [14][20]. - Despite the challenges, some elderly individuals find joy in being close to their grandchildren and participating in family life, which can alleviate feelings of isolation [8][14]. - The psychological health of "old drifters" is a growing concern, with some experiencing depression due to the pressures of their roles within the family [14][21]. Group 5: Future Considerations - The ongoing trend of urbanization and the increasing reliance on "old drifters" suggest that this demographic will continue to play a crucial role in family structures [12][21]. - There is a need for policies that address the welfare and mental health of elderly caregivers, ensuring they receive adequate support and recognition for their contributions [21].