新能源发电就近消纳：政策指引下的项目可行性分析

Core Insights - The article discusses the significant achievements and challenges faced by China's renewable energy sector, emphasizing the need for new consumption models to address increasing difficulties in energy absorption and power system regulation [1] Policy Developments - In February 2025, the National Development and Reform Commission and the National Energy Administration issued a notice aimed at market-oriented reforms for renewable energy grid pricing to tackle consumption issues [1] - In May 2025, a notice was released to promote green electricity direct connection projects, introducing new consumption scenarios [1] - On September 12, 2025, a further notice was published to refine pricing mechanisms for local consumption of renewable energy, providing clear guidelines for project investors [1] Project Construction Requirements - The notice outlines specific technical requirements for renewable energy local consumption projects, clarifying the rights and obligations of project participants [2] - It emphasizes the importance of establishing clear physical and safety responsibility boundaries to mitigate risks and operational disputes [2] Consumption Ratio and Weighting - The notice mandates that the annual self-consumed electricity from renewable sources must account for at least 60% of total available generation and 30% of total electricity consumption, with a minimum of 35% for new projects starting in 2030 [3] - This high self-consumption ratio aims to reduce the pressure on public grids and ensure alignment with user electricity demands [3] Economic Feasibility Assessment - Investors must evaluate the feasibility of projects based on their ability to reduce electricity costs, focusing on energy costs, transmission and distribution fees, and system operation fees [4] - A comparison between public grid purchasing costs and self-consumption costs is essential for determining economic viability [4] Transmission and Distribution Fee Considerations - The notice introduces a reform in transmission and distribution fees, shifting from a volume-based to a capacity-based charging model [5] - This change may lead to increased costs for projects with low load factors compared to provincial averages, while potentially reducing costs for those with higher load factors [5][6] Market Participation Pathways - Renewable energy local consumption projects can also generate revenue through "excess power grid connection," but this is highly dependent on the local electricity market's structure [7] - In regions with continuous spot markets, projects face both higher revenue opportunities and increased risk management requirements [7] - Conversely, in areas without continuous spot markets, projects are generally not allowed to send power back to the grid, limiting revenue generation opportunities [8] Overall Impact - The introduction of these policies provides investors with clear guidelines for assessing project feasibility, addressing challenges in local consumption, and promoting renewable energy absorption, ultimately benefiting the renewable energy sector and the broader electricity system [8]