美国芯片巨头三年降价一半 中国企业陷入“被动跟跌” 困境

Core Viewpoint - The Chinese Ministry of Commerce has initiated an anti-dumping investigation into imported simulation chips from the United States, responding to domestic industry requests due to significant price drops and increased import volumes that harm local manufacturers [1][12]. Group 1: Investigation Details - The investigation targets general interface and gate driver chips imported from the U.S. [1]. - The investigation period is set from January 1, 2024, to December 31, 2024 [2][15]. - The Ministry's spokesperson confirmed that the investigation aligns with Chinese laws and WTO rules [1][13]. Group 2: Import Trends - From 2022 to 2024, the cumulative import volume of the investigated products from the U.S. increased by 37%, with annual import volumes of 1.159 billion, 1.299 billion, and 1.590 billion units respectively [3][6]. - The market share of U.S. simulation chips in China rose from 47.81% in 2022 to 62.14% in 2024, averaging 54.34% over three years [4][6]. Group 3: Pricing and Dumping Margins - The dumping margins for general interface chips and gate driver chips are reported at 302.41% and 458.51%, respectively, indicating severe price undercutting [2][3]. - The export prices of U.S. general interface chips dropped from 3.00 CNY per unit in 2022 to 1.55 CNY in 2024, a cumulative decrease of 48.33% [7][9]. - Domestic prices for similar products have also decreased but at a lower rate, with general interface chips dropping 33.59% over the same period [11]. Group 4: Impact on Domestic Industry - The influx of low-priced U.S. chips has severely impacted the domestic simulation chip industry, leading to losses for local companies starting in 2023, with losses expected to increase by 7.05% in 2024 [12]. - The operating rate of domestic manufacturers has decreased by 17 percentage points since 2022, and their R&D capabilities have been significantly weakened [12]. Group 5: Industry Associations' Response - The Jiangsu Semiconductor Industry Association supports the investigation, emphasizing the need for fair competition and the protection of domestic industry rights [12][14]. - The China Chamber of Commerce for Import and Export of Machinery and Electronic Products also expressed support, condemning unilateral actions by the U.S. that disrupt global supply chains [13][14].