9月16日起全面禁用 ！你喝的牛奶符合标准吗？

Core Points - The new national standard for sterilized milk in China, effective from September 16, prohibits the use of reconstituted milk as a raw material, mandating that only raw milk can be used for production [1][2]. Group 1: Definition and Types of Milk - Reconstituted milk is not a counterfeit product; it is a commonly used dairy ingredient that provides essential nutrients like protein and calcium [2]. - Raw milk must undergo heat treatment to eliminate harmful microorganisms before consumption [3]. - Pasteurized milk is made solely from raw cow (or sheep) milk and has a shorter shelf life, requiring refrigeration [3]. - Sterilized milk, commonly referred to as pure milk, is produced through ultra-high temperature sterilization [3]. - Modified milk contains at least 80% raw milk or reconstituted milk, along with other ingredients or additives [3]. - Fermented milk includes products like yogurt, while milk beverages are made from milk or dairy products mixed with water and other ingredients [3]. Group 2: Nutritional Considerations - Milk contains over 280 known nutrients, many of which are sensitive to heat, leading to some loss during the sterilization process [6]. - The order of preservation of active nutrients during heat treatment is as follows: fresh milk > high-temperature pasteurized milk > pure milk > modified milk [6]. Group 3: Consumer Guidance - The "Dietary Guidelines for Chinese Residents (2022)" recommend a daily intake of 300 to 500 milliliters of various dairy products [7]. - Fresh raw milk is highly nutritious and is recommended for children, the elderly, and those with weakened immune systems, with pasteurized milk being a preferred choice [7]. - Reconstituted milk is suitable for convenience and long-term storage but is not recommended as a primary source of milk [7]. - Individuals with specific nutritional needs may opt for fortified modified milk, while flavored modified milk should be avoided to prevent excessive sugar intake [7].