优化绿色税制，哪些宜增、哪些当减？

Core Viewpoint - The recent amendment to the Environmental Protection Tax Law aims to include all volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the tax scope, enhancing VOC management and representing a significant advancement in China's green tax system [1][2]. Group 1: Legislative Changes - The amendment proposes to authorize the State Council to conduct pilot projects for the collection of environmental protection tax on VOCs not listed in the current tax table, indicating a flexible approach to tax implementation [2][3]. - The Environmental Protection Tax Law, first enacted in December 2016, transitioned from a pollution fee system to a tax system, focusing on direct emissions of pollutants by enterprises [1][2]. Group 2: Environmental Impact - VOCs are significant contributors to air pollution, including PM2.5 and ozone formation, and the amendment reflects the need for improved air quality and ecological protection [2][3]. - The green tax system has generated substantial revenue, with specialized green taxes like the environmental protection tax and resource tax expected to yield 2.5 trillion yuan from January 2021 to June 2025 [3]. Group 3: Policy Support and Implementation - The amendment aligns with the goals set by the 20th National Congress, emphasizing the need for fiscal and financial policies to support green and low-carbon development [2][3]. - The approach of "pilot first, then promote" is highlighted as a successful reform strategy, allowing for the refinement of tax systems before broader implementation [3].