【环时深度】“务实的性格”让西班牙走近中国

Core Viewpoint - Spain is increasingly establishing a pragmatic relationship with China, positioning itself as a key partner in Europe amidst geopolitical tensions, particularly with the United States [1][7][11]. Group 1: Spain's Approach to China - Spain's decentralized governance allows various autonomous regions, like Navarra and Catalonia, to develop their own strategies for engaging with China, focusing on sectors such as renewable energy, AI, and agriculture [2][3]. - Navarra's cooperation strategy with China has been in place since 2019, leading to the establishment of several Chinese enterprises in the region, including clean energy and wine companies [2][3]. - Catalonia has also taken steps to enhance trade and investment with China, including the construction of a new port to facilitate the transport of Chinese electric vehicles to Europe [3][5]. Group 2: Economic and Technological Collaboration - Spain's openness to Chinese investment is evident in the establishment of joint ventures, such as the Ebro factory by Chery and Ebro in Barcelona, which marks a significant step in automotive production [5][6]. - The collaboration between Chinese companies and Spanish firms is seen as a way to access advanced technologies while avoiding European tariffs, positioning Spain as a gateway to Latin America for Chinese investors [6][8]. - Spain's historical context, including a lack of direct conflict with China, contributes to a more pragmatic and less ideologically driven approach to economic relations [6][8]. Group 3: Public Perception and Political Context - Recent surveys indicate a shift in public sentiment in Spain, with a growing favorable view of China compared to the United States, reflecting dissatisfaction with U.S. policies [9][10]. - Spain's diplomatic stance is characterized by a blend of pragmatic engagement with China while maintaining a balance with its commitments to the EU and NATO [7][11]. - The Spanish public generally views China as a stable economic partner, with less political tension compared to other international issues that are more easily politicized [8][10].