宁夏银川：废水“再就业” 解城市缺水之困

Core Viewpoint - Ningxia Yinchuan is utilizing market-oriented reforms to address water scarcity issues by transforming wastewater into reusable water, showcasing innovative water management practices in arid regions [1][3]. Group 1: Water Resource Management - Yinchuan is located in a dry region with an average annual rainfall of less than 200 millimeters and per capita available water resources less than half the national average [3]. - The city has developed a comprehensive approach to utilize reclaimed water for ecological replenishment, landscaping, industrial production, and road maintenance, enhancing water resource efficiency [3]. - Currently, five wastewater treatment plants in Yinchuan have the capacity to deliver reclaimed water, with a network extending 315 kilometers, achieving 70 million cubic meters of ecological replenishment annually and a reclaimed water utilization rate exceeding 58% [3]. Group 2: Reclaimed Water Projects - Yinchuan has initiated two reclaimed water projects, which are expected to be operational by July 2024, providing nearly 50,000 cubic meters of treated water daily for ecological replenishment, equating to 26 million cubic meters annually [3]. - These projects will serve as a secondary water source for the lower section of the Dingnong River, allowing for the replacement of an equivalent amount of Yellow River water for industrial use, generating an annual added value of 4.5 billion yuan [3]. Group 3: Water Rights Trading - In May, Yinchuan conducted a pioneering water rights trading transaction, where three leading new materials companies purchased 500,000 cubic meters of Yellow River water rights at a price of 0.728 yuan per cubic meter, totaling 1.092 million yuan [4]. - This transaction marks the first instance of ecological reclaimed water being used to replace water rights in China, establishing a scientific flow channel for water resources from "unidirectional consumption" to "circular value addition" [4]. - Yinchuan has completed 100 water rights transactions, totaling 695 million cubic meters and exceeding 714 million yuan in transaction value, leading in Ningxia and promoting a harmonious relationship between water and land [4].