手持数字人民币却不生息，未来可以这样升级

Core Viewpoint - The evolution of currency forms is driven by technological advancements and economic development, leading to the necessity of central bank digital currency (CBDC) as an upgrade to legal tender [1][2][3] Group 1: Historical Context and Currency Evolution - Historical changes in currency forms include the transition from barter to shell money, metal currency, and the first paper currency in the Song Dynasty, culminating in the current need for CBDC due to advancements in digital economy and payment technologies [1] - The competition between state-issued and privately issued currencies has historically impacted the stability of financial systems, necessitating a unified legal tender to mitigate risks associated with multiple currency issuers [1] Group 2: Role of Central Banks - Central banks act as lenders of last resort, providing liquidity to banks and ensuring the safety of collateral assets through stringent regulations and deposit insurance mechanisms [2] - The evolution of the currency system reflects a shift from private to state credit, with the stability and liquidity of legal tender being paramount principles regardless of technological changes [2] Group 3: Digital Currency Development - To align with the digital economy and ensure the singularity of the RMB, China is advancing the issuance of legal digital currency, known as digital RMB, and upgrading financial infrastructure [3] - The digital RMB has progressed through theoretical research, closed-loop trials, and open trials since 2014, with applications in various sectors such as retail, hospitality, education, and public services [3] Group 4: Framework and Implementation - The digital RMB operates under a macro framework where it is a direct liability of the central bank, requiring 100% reserve backing, which necessitates enhancing its currency derivation capacity as the economy grows [3][4] - Commercial banks are responsible for wallet management, fund security, payment services, and compliance, while the digital RMB's current structure should align responsibilities with rights and benefits [3] Group 5: Future Directions - Upgrading the measurement framework of digital RMB is essential to ensure that the money supply aligns with economic growth and price expectations, while also enhancing the engagement of commercial banks and users [4]