生态环境部部长黄润秋：美丽中国建设迈出重大步伐

Core Viewpoint - The ecological environment quality in China has shown continuous improvement in 2023, with air quality and water environment quality both on an upward trend. The country is transitioning from a focus on pollution prevention to a comprehensive promotion of building a beautiful China, with significant progress made in ecological construction and environmental satisfaction among the public exceeding 90% for four consecutive years [1][5]. Group 1: Air Quality Improvement - The "Blue Sky Defense War" has seen significant achievements, with 41 million households completing clean heating transformations and nearly 20 million high-emission vehicles being eliminated during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period. By 2024, PM2.5 concentrations in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, Yangtze River Delta, and Fenwei Plain are expected to decrease by 18%, 10%, and 20% respectively compared to 2020 [1][5]. Group 2: Water Quality Enhancement - The "Clear Water Defense War" has led to comprehensive inspections of pollution outlets, identifying over 360,000 river pollution outlets and more than 63,000 sea pollution outlets. The remediation completion rates for seven major river basins and key bays have reached 90% and 93.3% respectively. Over 3,000 urban black and odorous water bodies have been eliminated, with over 90% of county-level cities achieving similar results [2][5]. Group 3: Soil and Waste Management - In the "Soil Defense War," actions have been implemented to control soil pollution sources, with pollution tracing completed in 132 key counties. Environmental remediation has been conducted in over 100,000 administrative villages, achieving a rural sewage treatment rate of over 45%. The "Waste-Free City" initiative is being advanced, with a complete ban on foreign waste imports and actions against illegal waste disposal [2][3]. Group 4: Green and Low-Carbon Development - China has made strides in green and low-carbon development, with 1.12 billion kilowatts of coal power units and 950 million tons of crude steel capacity undergoing ultra-low emission transformations. The country has established the world's largest carbon trading market, covering over 60% of national carbon emissions, and initiated a voluntary greenhouse gas reduction trading market [3][5]. Group 5: Ecological Monitoring and Governance - Since the beginning of the "14th Five-Year Plan," eight batches of central ecological environment protection inspections have been conducted, with over 144,000 public complaints processed. A comprehensive ecological environment monitoring network has been established, and air quality has improved, with PM2.5 concentrations decreasing by 1.2 micrograms per cubic meter (4.6% decline) from January to August 2023 [5].