回流药是如何重新流入市场的？

Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the serious threat posed by "reflow drugs," which are pharmaceuticals that re-enter the market through unofficial channels, jeopardizing consumer safety and undermining the integrity of the healthcare system [1][2]. Group 1: Impact on Consumer Safety and Market Integrity - Reflow drugs pose significant risks to public health, as they may be expired or stored improperly, leading to ineffective treatment or worsening of conditions [2]. - The presence of reflow drugs disrupts the legitimate pharmaceutical market, harming the interests of legitimate companies and eroding healthcare funds [2]. - The unique traceability codes on drug packages serve as a safeguard against counterfeit and reflow drugs, with multiple scans indicating potential fraud [2]. Group 2: Law Enforcement and Regulatory Actions - The National Healthcare Security Administration has initiated a special action to combat the sale of reflow drugs, uncovering over 30,000 suspicious traceability code leads across various institutions [2][7]. - Notable cases include a pharmacy in Hunan that sold drugs with traceability codes linked to multiple regions, raising concerns about the legitimacy of their inventory [2]. - The article details organized crime involving reflow drugs, with significant financial implications, including cases where criminal groups operated across regions with transactions exceeding 100 million yuan [3]. Group 3: Mechanisms of Reflow Drug Distribution - The article outlines the methods by which reflow drugs are sold, including individuals purchasing drugs through insurance and reselling them, as well as collusion between drug dealers and pharmacies [4]. - A specific case illustrates how an individual exploited insurance accounts to sell drugs at below-market prices, leading to legal consequences [4][11]. - The article also describes how some pharmaceutical companies engage in fraudulent practices, such as falsifying invoices to disguise reflow drugs as legitimate products [5][12]. Group 4: Regulatory Framework and Future Measures - The establishment of a comprehensive drug traceability system is underway, with all medical institutions required to upload traceability data by January 2026 [7]. - The article notes that as of August, over 661.51 billion traceability codes have been collected, indicating a tightening regulatory framework against reflow drugs [7]. - Experts suggest that a unified data standard and deeper integration of regulatory platforms are necessary to effectively combat the issue of reflow drugs [8]. Group 5: Public Awareness and Legal Consequences - The article emphasizes the importance of public engagement in monitoring drug sales through traceability codes to ensure safety and protect healthcare funds [9]. - Legal experts advocate for stricter definitions and penalties for those involved in the reflow drug trade, including potential inclusion on blacklists for offenders [9]. - The article concludes that the current regulatory environment presents low costs for offenders and high costs for enforcement, necessitating legal reforms to deter such activities [9].