科普｜甲状腺癌并非“懒癌”，复发风险不容忽视

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the need for comprehensive management of thyroid cancer, highlighting that it is not merely a "lazy cancer" and that there are various types with differing malignancy levels [1][2] Group 1: Current Situation and Statistics - Thyroid cancer is the most common malignant tumor in the head and neck region, with an increasing incidence in China, reaching 466,100 new cases annually, making it the third most prevalent cancer [1] - The demographic trend shows a significant increase in younger patients being diagnosed with thyroid cancer [1] Group 2: Diagnosis and Treatment - Patients should not rely solely on nodule size or growth rate to assess the malignancy of thyroid cancer; proper diagnosis requires preoperative puncture or postoperative pathological results [2] - There is a notable recurrence risk, with up to 20% of patients experiencing recurrence during follow-up despite generally favorable prognosis [2] Group 3: Postoperative Management - Postoperative management is identified as a weak link in the current prevention and control system, necessitating dynamic assessment and standardized follow-up [2][3] - High-risk patients require close monitoring and may need additional treatments like iodine-131 therapy to reduce recurrence risk [2] Group 4: Dynamic Assessment Techniques - The key to dynamic assessment post-surgery is to elevate thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels for effective testing, with two methods available: traditional withdrawal and recombinant human TSH injection [3] - The use of recombinant human TSH can improve patient acceptance of dynamic assessments, addressing the discomfort associated with traditional methods [3] Group 5: Medication Management - Proper medication management is crucial, as patients often self-adjust their medication, which can be dangerous; guidance from healthcare professionals is essential [4] - Long-term thyroid hormone suppression therapy is typically required for differentiated thyroid cancer patients, while medullary cancer requires functional replacement therapy [4]