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美签证新规颠覆印度IT行业?莫迪:对外国依赖是印度“最大的敌人”

Core Viewpoint - The new $100,000 fee for H-1B visas imposed by the U.S. government is expected to disrupt the traditional operational model of India's $283 billion IT industry, forcing significant reforms in how Indian IT companies supply technical personnel to U.S. projects [1][2]. Group 1: Impact on Indian IT Industry - The Indian IT sector is highly dependent on the U.S. market, with approximately 57% of its total revenue coming from there, and it was the largest beneficiary of H-1B visas, accounting for 71% of approvals last year [2][3]. - Major Indian IT firms like Tata Consultancy, Infosys, and Wipro have built their business models on a low-cost arbitrage strategy, sending engineers to the U.S. at significantly lower salaries than their American counterparts [2][3]. - The new visa fee structure will make the current model unsustainable, leading to increased costs for deploying Indian professionals to U.S. client sites, which may weaken their competitive position against U.S. firms [3][4]. Group 2: Financial Implications - If Indian IT companies continue to utilize H-1B visas under the new fee structure, their profit margins could shrink by approximately 1%, resulting in a potential profit reduction of about 6% [3][4]. - For instance, Infosys could face costs of at least $250 million for obtaining 2,504 new H-1B visas in the 2024 fiscal year under the new regulations [3][4]. Group 3: Strategic Responses and Future Outlook - The new regulations are seen as a significant challenge, with analysts suggesting that Indian IT firms may need to reassess their business strategies, including pricing and project delivery models [4][5]. - The Indian IT industry is also awaiting clarity on a proposed 25% tariff on outsourcing services from the U.S., which adds to the uncertainty and pressure on revenue growth [5][6]. - Despite the challenges, H-1B visas remain crucial for maintaining key client relationships in the U.S., as they allow Indian engineers to manage sensitive projects on-site [5][6].